[FFmpeg-devel] [PATCH v2] lavc: add an av1_vulkan encoder

Andreas Rheinhardt andreas.rheinhardt at outlook.com
Tue Apr 15 00:16:02 EEST 2025


Lynne:
> This commit adds a Vulkan AV1 encoder, using the native acceleration API.
> ---
>  configure                      |    1 +
>  libavcodec/Makefile            |    2 +
>  libavcodec/allcodecs.c         |    1 +
>  libavcodec/vulkan_encode_av1.c | 1385 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  libavcodec/vulkan_video.c      |  103 +++
>  libavcodec/vulkan_video.h      |    7 +
>  libavutil/hwcontext_vulkan.c   |    2 +
>  libavutil/vulkan_functions.h   |    1 +
>  libavutil/vulkan_loader.h      |    1 +
>  9 files changed, 1503 insertions(+)
>  create mode 100644 libavcodec/vulkan_encode_av1.c
> 
> diff --git a/configure b/configure
> index bd4f872376..d5293ed652 100755
> --- a/configure
> +++ b/configure
> @@ -3380,6 +3380,7 @@ av1_qsv_encoder_deps="libvpl"
>  av1_qsv_encoder_select="qsvenc"
>  av1_vaapi_encoder_deps="VAEncPictureParameterBufferAV1"
>  av1_vaapi_encoder_select="cbs_av1 vaapi_encode"
> +av1_vulkan_encoder_select="cbs_av1 vulkan_encode"
>  h263_v4l2m2m_decoder_deps="v4l2_m2m h263_v4l2_m2m"
>  h263_v4l2m2m_encoder_deps="v4l2_m2m h263_v4l2_m2m"
>  h264_amf_encoder_deps="amf"
> diff --git a/libavcodec/Makefile b/libavcodec/Makefile
> index 7bd1dbec9a..b15b99d6c2 100644
> --- a/libavcodec/Makefile
> +++ b/libavcodec/Makefile
> @@ -270,6 +270,8 @@ OBJS-$(CONFIG_AV1_MEDIACODEC_ENCODER)  += mediacodecenc.o
>  OBJS-$(CONFIG_AV1_NVENC_ENCODER)       += nvenc_av1.o nvenc.o
>  OBJS-$(CONFIG_AV1_QSV_ENCODER)         += qsvenc_av1.o
>  OBJS-$(CONFIG_AV1_VAAPI_ENCODER)       += vaapi_encode_av1.o av1_levels.o
> +OBJS-$(CONFIG_AV1_VULKAN_ENCODER)      += vulkan_encode.o vulkan_encode_av1.o \
> +                                          hw_base_encode.o av1_levels.o
>  OBJS-$(CONFIG_AVRN_DECODER)            += avrndec.o
>  OBJS-$(CONFIG_AVRP_DECODER)            += r210dec.o
>  OBJS-$(CONFIG_AVRP_ENCODER)            += r210enc.o
> diff --git a/libavcodec/allcodecs.c b/libavcodec/allcodecs.c
> index f10519617e..733f1aa009 100644
> --- a/libavcodec/allcodecs.c
> +++ b/libavcodec/allcodecs.c
> @@ -849,6 +849,7 @@ extern const FFCodec ff_av1_amf_encoder;
>  extern const FFCodec ff_av1_amf_decoder;
>  extern const FFCodec ff_av1_mf_encoder;
>  extern const FFCodec ff_av1_vaapi_encoder;
> +extern const FFCodec ff_av1_vulkan_encoder;
>  extern const FFCodec ff_libopenh264_encoder;
>  extern const FFCodec ff_libopenh264_decoder;
>  extern const FFCodec ff_h264_amf_encoder;
> diff --git a/libavcodec/vulkan_encode_av1.c b/libavcodec/vulkan_encode_av1.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000000..596586e7e2
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/libavcodec/vulkan_encode_av1.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,1385 @@
> +/*
> + * This file is part of FFmpeg.
> + *
> + * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
> + * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
> + * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
> + * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
> + *
> + * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
> + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
> + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
> + * Lesser General Public License for more details.
> + *
> + * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
> + * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
> + * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
> + */
> +
> +#include "libavutil/opt.h"
> +#include "libavutil/mem.h"
> +
> +#include "cbs.h"
> +#include "cbs_av1.h"
> +#include "av1_levels.h"
> +#include "libavutil/mastering_display_metadata.h"
> +
> +#include "codec_internal.h"
> +#include "vulkan_encode.h"
> +
> +#include "libavutil/avassert.h"
> +
> +const FFVulkanEncodeDescriptor ff_vk_enc_av1_desc = {
> +    .codec_id         = AV_CODEC_ID_AV1,
> +    .encode_extension = FF_VK_EXT_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1,
> +    .encode_op        = VK_VIDEO_CODEC_OPERATION_ENCODE_AV1_BIT_KHR,
> +    .ext_props = {
> +        .extensionName = VK_STD_VULKAN_VIDEO_CODEC_AV1_ENCODE_EXTENSION_NAME,
> +        .specVersion   = VK_STD_VULKAN_VIDEO_CODEC_AV1_ENCODE_SPEC_VERSION,
> +    },
> +};
> +
> +enum UnitElems {
> +    UNIT_MASTERING_DISPLAY   = 1 << 0,
> +    UNIT_CONTENT_LIGHT_LEVEL = 1 << 1,
> +};
> +
> +typedef struct VulkanEncodeAV1Picture {
> +    int slot;
> +    int64_t last_idr_frame;
> +
> +    enum UnitElems units_needed;
> +
> +    StdVideoAV1TileInfo tile_info;
> +    StdVideoAV1Quantization quantization;
> +    StdVideoAV1Segmentation segmentation;
> +    StdVideoAV1LoopFilter loop_filter;
> +    StdVideoAV1CDEF cdef;
> +    StdVideoAV1LoopRestoration loop_restoration;
> +    StdVideoAV1GlobalMotion global_motion;
> +
> +    StdVideoEncodeAV1PictureInfo av1pic_info;
> +    VkVideoEncodeAV1PictureInfoKHR vkav1pic_info;
> +
> +    StdVideoEncodeAV1ExtensionHeader ext_header;
> +    StdVideoEncodeAV1ReferenceInfo av1dpb_info;
> +    VkVideoEncodeAV1DpbSlotInfoKHR vkav1dpb_info;
> +
> +    VkVideoEncodeAV1RateControlInfoKHR vkrc_info;
> +    VkVideoEncodeAV1RateControlLayerInfoKHR vkrc_layer_info;
> +    VkVideoEncodeAV1GopRemainingFrameInfoKHR vkrc_remaining;
> +} VulkanEncodeAV1Picture;
> +
> +typedef struct VulkanEncodeAV1Context {
> +    FFVulkanEncodeContext common;
> +
> +    CodedBitstreamContext *cbs;
> +    CodedBitstreamFragment current_access_unit;
> +
> +    enum UnitElems unit_elems;
> +    AV1RawOBU seq_hdr_obu;
> +    AV1RawOBU meta_cll_obu;
> +    AV1RawOBU meta_mastering_obu;
> +
> +    VkVideoEncodeAV1ProfileInfoKHR profile;
> +
> +    VkVideoEncodeAV1CapabilitiesKHR caps;
> +    VkVideoEncodeAV1QualityLevelPropertiesKHR quality_props;
> +
> +    uint64_t hrd_buffer_size;
> +    uint64_t initial_buffer_fullness;
> +
> +    int uniform_tile;
> +    int tile_cols;
> +    int tile_rows;
> +
> +    int seq_tier;
> +    int seq_level_idx;
> +
> +    int q_idx_idr;
> +    int q_idx_p;
> +    int q_idx_b;
> +
> +    uint8_t *padding_payload;
> +} VulkanEncodeAV1Context;
> +
> +static int init_pic_rc(AVCodecContext *avctx, FFHWBaseEncodePicture *pic,
> +                       VkVideoEncodeRateControlInfoKHR *rc_info,
> +                       VkVideoEncodeRateControlLayerInfoKHR *rc_layer)
> +{
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    FFVulkanEncodeContext  *ctx = &enc->common;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Picture  *ap = pic->codec_priv;
> +
> +    /* This can be easy to calculate */
> +    ap->vkrc_remaining = (VkVideoEncodeAV1GopRemainingFrameInfoKHR) {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_GOP_REMAINING_FRAME_INFO_KHR,
> +        .useGopRemainingFrames = 0,
> +        .gopRemainingIntra = 0,
> +        .gopRemainingPredictive = 0,
> +        .gopRemainingBipredictive = 0,
> +    };
> +
> +    ap->vkrc_info = (VkVideoEncodeAV1RateControlInfoKHR) {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_RATE_CONTROL_INFO_KHR,
> +        .flags = VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_RATE_CONTROL_REFERENCE_PATTERN_FLAT_BIT_KHR |
> +                 VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_RATE_CONTROL_REGULAR_GOP_BIT_KHR,
> +        .gopFrameCount = ctx->base.gop_size,
> +        .keyFramePeriod = ctx->base.gop_size,
> +        .consecutiveBipredictiveFrameCount = FFMAX(ctx->base.b_per_p - 1, 0),
> +        .temporalLayerCount = 0,
> +    };
> +    rc_info->pNext = &ap->vkrc_info;
> +
> +    if (rc_info->rateControlMode > VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_RATE_CONTROL_MODE_DISABLED_BIT_KHR) {
> +        rc_info->virtualBufferSizeInMs = (enc->hrd_buffer_size * 1000LL) / avctx->bit_rate;
> +        rc_info->initialVirtualBufferSizeInMs = (enc->initial_buffer_fullness * 1000LL) / avctx->bit_rate;
> +
> +        ap->vkrc_layer_info = (VkVideoEncodeAV1RateControlLayerInfoKHR) {
> +            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_RATE_CONTROL_LAYER_INFO_KHR,
> +
> +            .useMinQIndex  = avctx->qmin > 0,
> +            .minQIndex.intraQIndex = avctx->qmin > 0 ? avctx->qmin : 0,
> +            .minQIndex.predictiveQIndex = avctx->qmin > 0 ? avctx->qmin : 0,
> +            .minQIndex.bipredictiveQIndex = avctx->qmin > 0 ? avctx->qmin : 0,
> +
> +            .useMaxQIndex  = avctx->qmax > 0,
> +            .maxQIndex.intraQIndex = avctx->qmax > 0 ? avctx->qmax : 0,
> +            .maxQIndex.predictiveQIndex = avctx->qmax > 0 ? avctx->qmax : 0,
> +            .maxQIndex.bipredictiveQIndex = avctx->qmax > 0 ? avctx->qmax : 0,
> +
> +            .useMaxFrameSize = 0,
> +        };
> +        rc_layer->pNext = &ap->vkrc_layer_info;
> +        ap->vkrc_info.temporalLayerCount = 1;
> +    }
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int init_pic_params(AVCodecContext *avctx, FFHWBaseEncodePicture *pic,
> +                           VkVideoEncodeInfoKHR *encode_info)
> +{
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    FFVulkanEncodeContext *ctx = &enc->common;
> +    FFHWBaseEncodeContext *base_ctx = &ctx->base;
> +
> +    FFVulkanEncodePicture *vp = pic->priv;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Picture *ap = pic->codec_priv;
> +    FFHWBaseEncodePicture *ref;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Picture *ap_ref;
> +    VkVideoReferenceSlotInfoKHR *ref_slot;
> +
> +    AV1RawOBU *seq_obu = &enc->seq_hdr_obu;
> +    AV1RawSequenceHeader *seq = &seq_obu->obu.sequence_header;
> +
> +    StdVideoAV1Segmentation *segmentation = &ap->segmentation;
> +    StdVideoAV1LoopFilter  *loop_filter = &ap->loop_filter;
> +    StdVideoAV1Quantization *quantization = &ap->quantization;
> +    StdVideoAV1CDEF *cdef = &ap->cdef;
> +    StdVideoAV1LoopRestoration *loop_restoration = &ap->loop_restoration;
> +    StdVideoAV1GlobalMotion *global_motion = &ap->global_motion;
> +    StdVideoAV1TileInfo *tile_info = &ap->tile_info;
> +    static const int8_t default_loop_filter_ref_deltas[STD_VIDEO_AV1_TOTAL_REFS_PER_FRAME] =
> +        { 1, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, -1, -1 };
> +
> +    VkVideoEncodeAV1PredictionModeKHR pred_mode;
> +    VkVideoEncodeAV1RateControlGroupKHR rc_group;
> +    int lr_unit_shift = 0;
> +    int lr_uv_shift = 0;
> +
> +    ap->ext_header = (StdVideoEncodeAV1ExtensionHeader) {
> +        .temporal_id = 0,
> +        .spatial_id = 0,
> +    };
> +
> +    *tile_info = (StdVideoAV1TileInfo) {
> +        .flags = (StdVideoAV1TileInfoFlags) {
> +            .uniform_tile_spacing_flag = enc->uniform_tile,
> +        },
> +        .TileCols = enc->tile_cols,
> +        .TileRows = enc->tile_rows,
> +        .context_update_tile_id = 0,
> +        .tile_size_bytes_minus_1 = 0,
> +    };
> +
> +    for (int i = 0; i < STD_VIDEO_AV1_TOTAL_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++) {
> +        global_motion->GmType[i] = 0;
> +        for (int j = 0; j < STD_VIDEO_AV1_GLOBAL_MOTION_PARAMS; j++) {
> +            global_motion->gm_params[i][j] = 0;
> +        }
> +    }
> +
> +    *loop_restoration = (StdVideoAV1LoopRestoration) {
> +        .FrameRestorationType[0] = STD_VIDEO_AV1_FRAME_RESTORATION_TYPE_NONE,
> +        .FrameRestorationType[1] = STD_VIDEO_AV1_FRAME_RESTORATION_TYPE_NONE,
> +        .FrameRestorationType[2] = STD_VIDEO_AV1_FRAME_RESTORATION_TYPE_NONE,
> +        .LoopRestorationSize[0] = 1 + lr_unit_shift,
> +        .LoopRestorationSize[1] = 1 + lr_unit_shift - lr_uv_shift,
> +        .LoopRestorationSize[2] = 1 + lr_unit_shift - lr_uv_shift,
> +    };
> +
> +    *cdef = (StdVideoAV1CDEF) {
> +        .cdef_damping_minus_3 = 0,
> +        .cdef_bits = 0,
> +    };
> +
> +    for (int i = 0; i < STD_VIDEO_AV1_MAX_SEGMENTS; i++) {
> +        segmentation->FeatureEnabled[i] = 0x0;
> +        for (int j = 0; j < STD_VIDEO_AV1_SEG_LVL_MAX; j++) {
> +            segmentation->FeatureEnabled[i] |= 0x0;
> +            segmentation->FeatureData[i][j] = 0;
> +        }
> +    }
> +
> +    *loop_filter = (StdVideoAV1LoopFilter) {
> +        .flags = (StdVideoAV1LoopFilterFlags) {
> +            .loop_filter_delta_enabled = 0,
> +            .loop_filter_delta_update = 0,
> +        },
> +        .loop_filter_level = { 0 },
> +        .loop_filter_sharpness = 0,
> +        .update_ref_delta = 0,
> +        .loop_filter_ref_deltas = { 0 },
> +        .update_mode_delta = 0,
> +        .loop_filter_mode_deltas = { 0 },
> +    };
> +    loop_filter->update_mode_delta = 1;
> +    memcpy(loop_filter->loop_filter_ref_deltas, default_loop_filter_ref_deltas,
> +           STD_VIDEO_AV1_TOTAL_REFS_PER_FRAME * sizeof(int8_t));
> +
> +    *quantization = (StdVideoAV1Quantization) {
> +        .flags = (StdVideoAV1QuantizationFlags) {
> +            .using_qmatrix = 0,
> +            .diff_uv_delta = 0,
> +            /* Reserved */
> +        },
> +        .base_q_idx = 0, /* Set later */
> +        .DeltaQYDc = 0,
> +        .DeltaQUDc = 0,
> +        .DeltaQUAc = 0,
> +        .DeltaQVDc = 0,
> +        .DeltaQVAc = 0,
> +        .qm_y = 0,
> +        .qm_u = 0,
> +        .qm_v = 0,
> +    };
> +
> +    ref_slot = (VkVideoReferenceSlotInfoKHR *)encode_info->pSetupReferenceSlot;
> +    ap->av1pic_info = (StdVideoEncodeAV1PictureInfo) {
> +        .flags = (StdVideoEncodeAV1PictureInfoFlags) {
> +            .error_resilient_mode = (pic->type == FF_HW_PICTURE_TYPE_I ||
> +                                     pic->type == FF_HW_PICTURE_TYPE_IDR) &&
> +                                    (pic->display_order <= pic->encode_order),
> +            .disable_cdf_update = 0,
> +            .use_superres = 0,
> +            .render_and_frame_size_different = 0,
> +            .allow_screen_content_tools = 0,
> +            .is_filter_switchable = 0,
> +            .force_integer_mv = 0,
> +            .frame_size_override_flag = 0,
> +            .buffer_removal_time_present_flag = 0,
> +            .allow_intrabc = 0,
> +            .frame_refs_short_signaling = 0,
> +            .allow_high_precision_mv = 0,
> +            .is_motion_mode_switchable = 0,
> +            .use_ref_frame_mvs = 0,
> +            .disable_frame_end_update_cdf = 0,
> +            .allow_warped_motion = 0,
> +            .reduced_tx_set = 0,
> +            .skip_mode_present = 0,
> +            .delta_q_present = 0,
> +            .delta_lf_present = 0,
> +            .delta_lf_multi = 0,
> +            .segmentation_enabled = 0,
> +            .segmentation_update_map = 0,
> +            .segmentation_temporal_update = 0,
> +            .segmentation_update_data = 0,
> +            .UsesLr = 0,
> +            .usesChromaLr = 0,
> +            .show_frame = pic->display_order <= pic->encode_order,
> +            .showable_frame = 0,
> +            /* Reserved */
> +        },
> +        .frame_type = 0, // set later
> +        .frame_presentation_time = 0,
> +        .current_frame_id = ref_slot->slotIndex,
> +        .order_hint = seq->enable_order_hint,
> +        .primary_ref_frame = 0, // set later
> +        .refresh_frame_flags = 0x0, // set later
> +        .coded_denom = 0,
> +        .render_width_minus_1 = base_ctx->surface_width - 1,
> +        .render_height_minus_1 = base_ctx->surface_height - 1,
> +        .interpolation_filter = 0,
> +        .TxMode = STD_VIDEO_AV1_TX_MODE_SELECT,
> +        .delta_q_res = 0,
> +        .delta_lf_res = 0,
> +        .ref_order_hint = { 0 }, // set later
> +        .ref_frame_idx = { 0 }, // set later
> +        /* Reserved */
> +        .delta_frame_id_minus_1 = { 0 },
> +
> +//        .pTileInfo = tile_info, TODO FIX
> +        .pQuantization = quantization,
> +        .pSegmentation = segmentation,
> +        .pLoopFilter = loop_filter,
> +        .pCDEF = cdef,
> +        .pLoopRestoration = loop_restoration,
> +        .pGlobalMotion = global_motion,
> +        .pExtensionHeader = &ap->ext_header,
> +        .pBufferRemovalTimes = NULL,
> +    };
> +
> +    switch (pic->type) {
> +    case FF_HW_PICTURE_TYPE_I:
> +    case FF_HW_PICTURE_TYPE_IDR:
> +        av_assert0(pic->nb_refs[0] == 0 || pic->nb_refs[1]);
> +        ap->av1pic_info.frame_type = STD_VIDEO_AV1_FRAME_TYPE_KEY;
> +        ap->av1pic_info.refresh_frame_flags = 0xFF;
> +        quantization->base_q_idx = enc->q_idx_idr;
> +        ap->slot = 0;
> +        ap->last_idr_frame = pic->display_order;
> +        pred_mode = VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_PREDICTION_MODE_INTRA_ONLY_KHR;
> +        rc_group = VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_RATE_CONTROL_GROUP_INTRA_KHR;
> +        break;
> +    case FF_HW_PICTURE_TYPE_P:
> +        ref = pic->refs[0][pic->nb_refs[0] - 1];
> +        ap_ref = ref->codec_priv;
> +
> +        ap->av1pic_info.frame_type = STD_VIDEO_AV1_FRAME_TYPE_INTER;
> +        quantization->base_q_idx = enc->q_idx_p;
> +
> +        ap->last_idr_frame = ap_ref->last_idr_frame;
> +        ap->slot = !ap_ref->slot;
> +
> +        ap->av1pic_info.refresh_frame_flags = 1 << ap->slot;
> +
> +        /** set the nearest frame in L0 as all reference frame. */
> +        for (int i = 0; i < AV1_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
> +            ap->av1pic_info.ref_frame_idx[i] = ap_ref->slot;
> +
> +        ap->av1pic_info.primary_ref_frame = ap_ref->slot;
> +        ap->av1pic_info.ref_order_hint[ap_ref->slot] = ref->display_order - ap_ref->last_idr_frame;
> +        rc_group = VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_RATE_CONTROL_GROUP_PREDICTIVE_KHR;
> +        if (enc->caps.maxUnidirectionalCompoundReferenceCount)
> +            pred_mode = VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_PREDICTION_MODE_UNIDIRECTIONAL_COMPOUND_KHR;
> +        else
> +            pred_mode = VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_PREDICTION_MODE_SINGLE_REFERENCE_KHR;
> +
> +//        vpic->ref_frame_ctrl_l0.fields.search_idx0 = AV1_REF_FRAME_LAST;
> +
> +        /** set the 2nd nearest frame in L0 as Golden frame. */
> +        if (pic->nb_refs[0] > 1) {
> +            ref = pic->refs[0][pic->nb_refs[0] - 2];
> +            ap_ref = ref->codec_priv;
> +            ap->av1pic_info.ref_frame_idx[3] = ap_ref->slot;
> +            ap->av1pic_info.ref_order_hint[ap_ref->slot] = ref->display_order - ap_ref->last_idr_frame;
> +//            vpic->ref_frame_ctrl_l0.fields.search_idx1 = AV1_REF_FRAME_GOLDEN;
> +        }
> +        break;
> +    case FF_HW_PICTURE_TYPE_B:
> +        ap->av1pic_info.frame_type = STD_VIDEO_AV1_FRAME_TYPE_INTER;
> +        quantization->base_q_idx = enc->q_idx_b;
> +        ap->av1pic_info.refresh_frame_flags = 0x0;
> +
> +        rc_group = VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_RATE_CONTROL_GROUP_BIPREDICTIVE_KHR;
> +        pred_mode = VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_PREDICTION_MODE_BIDIRECTIONAL_COMPOUND_KHR;
> +
> +//        fh->reference_select = 1;
> +        /** B frame will not be referenced, disable its recon frame. */
> +//        vpic->picture_flags.bits.disable_frame_recon = 1;
> +
> +        /** Use LAST_FRAME and BWDREF_FRAME for reference. */
> +//        vpic->ref_frame_ctrl_l0.fields.search_idx0 = AV1_REF_FRAME_LAST;
> +//        vpic->ref_frame_ctrl_l1.fields.search_idx0 = AV1_REF_FRAME_BWDREF;
> +
> +        ref = pic->refs[0][pic->nb_refs[0] - 1];
> +        ap_ref = ref->codec_priv;
> +        ap->last_idr_frame = ap_ref->last_idr_frame;
> +        ap->av1pic_info.primary_ref_frame = ap_ref->slot;
> +        ap->av1pic_info.ref_order_hint[ap_ref->slot] = ref->display_order - ap_ref->last_idr_frame;
> +        for (int i = 0; i < AV1_REF_FRAME_GOLDEN; i++)
> +            ap->av1pic_info.ref_frame_idx[i] = ap_ref->slot;
> +
> +        ref = pic->refs[1][pic->nb_refs[1] - 1];
> +        ap_ref = ref->codec_priv;
> +        ap->av1pic_info.ref_order_hint[ap_ref->slot] = ref->display_order - ap_ref->last_idr_frame;
> +        for (int i = AV1_REF_FRAME_GOLDEN; i < AV1_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++)
> +            ap->av1pic_info.ref_frame_idx[i] = ap_ref->slot;
> +        break;
> +    }
> +
> +    ap->av1pic_info.flags.showable_frame = ap->av1pic_info.frame_type != STD_VIDEO_AV1_FRAME_TYPE_KEY;
> +
> +    ap->vkav1pic_info = (VkVideoEncodeAV1PictureInfoKHR) {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_PICTURE_INFO_KHR,
> +        .pNext = NULL,
> +        .predictionMode = pred_mode,
> +        .rateControlGroup = rc_group,
> +        .constantQIndex = quantization->base_q_idx,
> +        .pStdPictureInfo = &ap->av1pic_info,
> +        .referenceNameSlotIndices = { 0 },
> +        .primaryReferenceCdfOnly = 0,
> +        .generateObuExtensionHeader = 0,
> +    };
> +    encode_info->pNext = &ap->vkav1pic_info;
> +
> +    /* TODO: not sure */
> +    for (int i = 0; i < STD_VIDEO_AV1_REFS_PER_FRAME; i++) {
> +        if (!enc->common.slots[i]) {
> +            ap->vkav1pic_info.referenceNameSlotIndices[i] = -1;
> +        } else {
> +            ref = enc->common.slots[i];
> +            ap_ref = ref->codec_priv;
> +            ap->vkav1pic_info.referenceNameSlotIndices[i] = ap_ref->av1pic_info.current_frame_id;
> +        }
> +    }
> +
> +    ref_slot = (VkVideoReferenceSlotInfoKHR *)encode_info->pSetupReferenceSlot;
> +    ref_slot->pNext = &ap->vkav1dpb_info;
> +
> +    ap->av1dpb_info = (StdVideoEncodeAV1ReferenceInfo) {
> +        .flags = (StdVideoEncodeAV1ReferenceInfoFlags) {
> +            .disable_frame_end_update_cdf = 0,
> +            .segmentation_enabled = 0,
> +            /* Reserved */
> +        },
> +        .RefFrameId = ref_slot->slotIndex,
> +        .frame_type = ap->av1pic_info.frame_type,
> +        .OrderHint = pic->display_order - ap->last_idr_frame,
> +        /* Reserved */
> +        .pExtensionHeader = &ap->ext_header,
> +    };
> +
> +    ap->vkav1dpb_info = (VkVideoEncodeAV1DpbSlotInfoKHR) {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_DPB_SLOT_INFO_KHR,
> +        .pStdReferenceInfo = &ap->av1dpb_info,
> +    };
> +
> +    ap->units_needed = 0;
> +    if (pic->type == FF_HW_PICTURE_TYPE_IDR) {
> +        AVFrameSideData *sd = NULL;
> +        if (enc->unit_elems & UNIT_MASTERING_DISPLAY)
> +            sd = av_frame_get_side_data(pic->input_image,
> +                                        AV_FRAME_DATA_MASTERING_DISPLAY_METADATA);
> +        if (sd) {
> +            AVMasteringDisplayMetadata *mdm =
> +                (AVMasteringDisplayMetadata *)sd->data;
> +            if (mdm->has_primaries && mdm->has_luminance) {
> +                AV1RawOBU              *obu = &enc->meta_mastering_obu;
> +                AV1RawMetadata          *md = &obu->obu.metadata;
> +                AV1RawMetadataHDRMDCV *mdcv = &md->metadata.hdr_mdcv;
> +                const int        chroma_den = 1 << 16;
> +                const int      max_luma_den = 1 << 8;
> +                const int      min_luma_den = 1 << 14;
> +
> +                memset(obu, 0, sizeof(*obu));
> +                obu->header.obu_type = AV1_OBU_METADATA;
> +                md->metadata_type = AV1_METADATA_TYPE_HDR_MDCV;
> +
> +                for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
> +                    mdcv->primary_chromaticity_x[i] =
> +                        av_rescale(mdm->display_primaries[i][0].num, chroma_den,
> +                                   mdm->display_primaries[i][0].den);
> +                    mdcv->primary_chromaticity_y[i] =
> +                        av_rescale(mdm->display_primaries[i][1].num, chroma_den,
> +                                   mdm->display_primaries[i][1].den);
> +                }
> +
> +                mdcv->white_point_chromaticity_x =
> +                    av_rescale(mdm->white_point[0].num, chroma_den,
> +                               mdm->white_point[0].den);
> +                mdcv->white_point_chromaticity_y =
> +                    av_rescale(mdm->white_point[1].num, chroma_den,
> +                               mdm->white_point[1].den);
> +
> +                mdcv->luminance_max =
> +                    av_rescale(mdm->max_luminance.num, max_luma_den,
> +                               mdm->max_luminance.den);
> +                mdcv->luminance_min =
> +                    av_rescale(mdm->min_luminance.num, min_luma_den,
> +                               mdm->min_luminance.den);
> +                ap->units_needed |= UNIT_MASTERING_DISPLAY;
> +            }
> +        }
> +
> +        if (enc->unit_elems & UNIT_CONTENT_LIGHT_LEVEL)
> +            sd = av_frame_get_side_data(pic->input_image,
> +                                        AV_FRAME_DATA_CONTENT_LIGHT_LEVEL);
> +        if (sd) {
> +            AVContentLightMetadata *cllm = (AVContentLightMetadata *)sd->data;
> +            AV1RawOBU               *obu = &enc->meta_cll_obu;
> +            AV1RawMetadata           *md = &obu->obu.metadata;
> +            AV1RawMetadataHDRCLL    *cll = &md->metadata.hdr_cll;
> +
> +            memset(obu, 0, sizeof(*obu));
> +            obu->header.obu_type = AV1_OBU_METADATA;
> +            md->metadata_type    = AV1_METADATA_TYPE_HDR_CLL;
> +            cll->max_cll         = cllm->MaxCLL;
> +            cll->max_fall        = cllm->MaxFALL;
> +
> +            ap->units_needed |= UNIT_CONTENT_LIGHT_LEVEL;
> +        }
> +    }
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int init_profile(AVCodecContext *avctx,
> +                        VkVideoProfileInfoKHR *profile, void *pnext)
> +{
> +    VkResult ret;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    FFVulkanEncodeContext *ctx = &enc->common;
> +    FFVulkanContext *s = &ctx->s;
> +    FFVulkanFunctions *vk = &ctx->s.vkfn;
> +    FFHWBaseEncodeContext *base_ctx = &ctx->base;
> +
> +    VkVideoEncodeAV1CapabilitiesKHR av1_caps = {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_CAPABILITIES_KHR,
> +    };
> +    VkVideoEncodeCapabilitiesKHR enc_caps = {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_CAPABILITIES_KHR,
> +        .pNext = &av1_caps,
> +    };
> +    VkVideoCapabilitiesKHR caps = {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPABILITIES_KHR,
> +        .pNext = &enc_caps,
> +    };
> +
> +    /* In order of preference */
> +    int last_supported = AV_PROFILE_UNKNOWN;
> +    static const int known_profiles[] = {
> +        AV_PROFILE_AV1_MAIN,
> +        AV_PROFILE_AV1_HIGH,
> +        AV_PROFILE_AV1_PROFESSIONAL,
> +    };
> +    int nb_profiles = FF_ARRAY_ELEMS(known_profiles);
> +
> +    const AVPixFmtDescriptor *desc = av_pix_fmt_desc_get(s->frames->sw_format);
> +    if (!desc)
> +        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
> +
> +    if (s->frames->sw_format == AV_PIX_FMT_NV12 ||
> +        s->frames->sw_format == AV_PIX_FMT_P010)
> +        nb_profiles = 1;
> +
> +    enc->profile = (VkVideoEncodeAV1ProfileInfoKHR) {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_PROFILE_INFO_KHR,
> +        .pNext = pnext,
> +        .stdProfile = ff_vk_av1_profile_to_vk(avctx->profile),
> +    };
> +    profile->pNext = &enc->profile;
> +
> +    /* Set level */
> +    if (avctx->level == AV_LEVEL_UNKNOWN) {
> +        const AV1LevelDescriptor *level;
> +        float framerate;
> +
> +        if (avctx->framerate.num > 0 && avctx->framerate.den > 0)
> +            framerate = avctx->framerate.num / avctx->framerate.den;
> +        else
> +            framerate = 0;
> +        level = ff_av1_guess_level(avctx->bit_rate, enc->seq_tier,
> +                                   base_ctx->surface_width, base_ctx->surface_height,
> +                                   enc->tile_rows * enc->tile_cols,
> +                                   enc->tile_cols, framerate);
> +        if (level) {
> +            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Using level %s.\n", level->name);
> +            enc->seq_level_idx = level->level_idx;
> +        } else {
> +            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Stream will not conform to "
> +                   "any normal level, using level 7.3 by default.\n");
> +            enc->seq_level_idx = 19;
> +            enc->seq_tier = 1;
> +        }
> +    } else {
> +        enc->seq_level_idx = avctx->level;
> +    }
> +
> +    /* User has explicitly specified a profile. */
> +    if (avctx->profile != AV_PROFILE_UNKNOWN)
> +        return 0;
> +
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Supported profiles:\n");
> +    for (int i = 0; i < nb_profiles; i++) {
> +        enc->profile.stdProfile = ff_vk_av1_profile_to_vk(known_profiles[i]);
> +        ret = vk->GetPhysicalDeviceVideoCapabilitiesKHR(s->hwctx->phys_dev,
> +                                                        profile,
> +                                                        &caps);
> +        if (ret == VK_SUCCESS) {
> +            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "    %s\n",
> +                   avcodec_profile_name(avctx->codec_id, known_profiles[i]));
> +            last_supported = known_profiles[i];
> +        }
> +    }
> +
> +    if (last_supported == AV_PROFILE_UNKNOWN) {
> +        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "No supported profiles for given format\n");
> +        return AVERROR(ENOTSUP);
> +    }
> +
> +    enc->profile.stdProfile = ff_vk_av1_profile_to_vk(last_supported);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Using profile %s\n",
> +           avcodec_profile_name(avctx->codec_id, last_supported));
> +    avctx->profile = last_supported;
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int init_enc_options(AVCodecContext *avctx)
> +{
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +
> +    if (avctx->rc_buffer_size)
> +        enc->hrd_buffer_size = avctx->rc_buffer_size;
> +    else if (avctx->rc_max_rate > 0)
> +        enc->hrd_buffer_size = avctx->rc_max_rate;
> +    else
> +        enc->hrd_buffer_size = avctx->bit_rate;
> +
> +    if (avctx->rc_initial_buffer_occupancy) {
> +        if (avctx->rc_initial_buffer_occupancy > enc->hrd_buffer_size) {
> +            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Invalid RC buffer settings: "
> +                                        "must have initial buffer size (%d) <= "
> +                                        "buffer size (%"PRId64").\n",
> +                   avctx->rc_initial_buffer_occupancy, enc->hrd_buffer_size);
> +            return AVERROR(EINVAL);
> +        }
> +        enc->initial_buffer_fullness = avctx->rc_initial_buffer_occupancy;
> +    } else {
> +        enc->initial_buffer_fullness = enc->hrd_buffer_size * 3 / 4;
> +    }
> +
> +    if (enc->common.opts.rc_mode == VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_RATE_CONTROL_MODE_DISABLED_BIT_KHR &&
> +        avctx->global_quality) {
> +        enc->q_idx_p = av_clip(avctx->global_quality / FF_QP2LAMBDA, 0, 255);
> +        if (fabs(avctx->i_quant_factor) > 0.0)
> +            enc->q_idx_idr =
> +                av_clip((fabs(avctx->i_quant_factor) * enc->q_idx_p  +
> +                         avctx->i_quant_offset) + 0.5,
> +                        0, 255);
> +        else
> +            enc->q_idx_idr = enc->q_idx_p;
> +
> +        if (fabs(avctx->b_quant_factor) > 0.0)
> +            enc->q_idx_b =
> +                av_clip((fabs(avctx->b_quant_factor) * enc->q_idx_p  +
> +                         avctx->b_quant_offset) + 0.5,
> +                        0, 255);
> +        else
> +            enc->q_idx_b = enc->q_idx_p;
> +    } else {
> +        /** Arbitrary value */
> +        enc->q_idx_idr = enc->q_idx_p = enc->q_idx_b = 128;
> +    }
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static av_cold int init_sequence_headers(AVCodecContext *avctx)
> +{
> +    int err;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    FFVulkanEncodeContext *ctx = &enc->common;
> +    FFVulkanContext *s = &ctx->s;
> +    FFHWBaseEncodeContext *base_ctx = &ctx->base;
> +
> +    AV1RawOBU *seq_obu = &enc->seq_hdr_obu;
> +    AV1RawSequenceHeader *seq = &seq_obu->obu.sequence_header;
> +
> +    const AVPixFmtDescriptor *desc = av_pix_fmt_desc_get(s->frames->sw_format);
> +    if (!desc)
> +        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
> +
> +    seq_obu->header.obu_type = AV1_OBU_SEQUENCE_HEADER;
> +    *seq = (AV1RawSequenceHeader) {
> +        .seq_profile = avctx->profile,
> +        .seq_force_integer_mv = seq->seq_force_screen_content_tools ?
> +                                AV1_SELECT_SCREEN_CONTENT_TOOLS :
> +                                AV1_SELECT_INTEGER_MV,
> +        .frame_width_bits_minus_1 = av_log2(base_ctx->surface_width),
> +        .frame_height_bits_minus_1 = av_log2(base_ctx->surface_height),
> +        .max_frame_width_minus_1 = base_ctx->surface_width - 1,
> +        .max_frame_height_minus_1 = base_ctx->surface_height - 1,
> +        .enable_order_hint = 1,
> +        .order_hint_bits_minus_1 = av_clip(av_log2(ctx->base.gop_size), 0, 7),
> +        .use_128x128_superblock = !!(enc->caps.superblockSizes & VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_SUPERBLOCK_SIZE_128_BIT_KHR),
> +        .color_config = (AV1RawColorConfig) {
> +            .high_bitdepth = desc->comp[0].depth > 8,
> +            .color_primaries                = avctx->color_primaries,
> +            .transfer_characteristics       = avctx->color_trc,
> +            .matrix_coefficients            = avctx->colorspace,
> +            .color_description_present_flag = (avctx->color_primaries != AVCOL_PRI_UNSPECIFIED ||
> +                                               avctx->color_trc       != AVCOL_TRC_UNSPECIFIED ||
> +                                               avctx->colorspace      != AVCOL_SPC_UNSPECIFIED),
> +            .subsampling_x                  = desc->log2_chroma_w,
> +            .subsampling_y                  = desc->log2_chroma_h,
> +            .chroma_sample_position         = avctx->chroma_sample_location == AVCHROMA_LOC_LEFT ?
> +                                              AV1_CSP_VERTICAL :
> +                                              avctx->chroma_sample_location == AVCHROMA_LOC_TOPLEFT ?
> +                                              AV1_CSP_COLOCATED :
> +                                              AV1_CSP_UNKNOWN,
> +        },
> +
> +        /* Operating point */
> +        .seq_tier = { enc->seq_tier },
> +        .seq_level_idx = { enc->seq_level_idx },
> +        .decoder_buffer_delay = { base_ctx->decode_delay },
> +        .encoder_buffer_delay = { base_ctx->output_delay },
> +        .operating_points_cnt_minus_1 = 1 - 1,
> +    };
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +typedef struct VulkanAV1Units {
> +    StdVideoAV1SequenceHeader seq_hdr;
> +    StdVideoAV1TimingInfo timing_info;
> +    StdVideoAV1ColorConfig color_config;
> +
> +    StdVideoEncodeAV1DecoderModelInfo decoder_model;
> +    StdVideoEncodeAV1OperatingPointInfo operating_points[AV1_MAX_OPERATING_POINTS];
> +    int nb_operating_points;
> +} VulkanAV1Units;
> +
> +static av_cold int base_unit_to_vk(AVCodecContext *avctx, VulkanAV1Units *vk_units)
> +{
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +
> +    AV1RawOBU *seq_obu = &enc->seq_hdr_obu;
> +    AV1RawSequenceHeader *seq = &seq_obu->obu.sequence_header;
> +
> +    StdVideoAV1SequenceHeader *seq_hdr = &vk_units->seq_hdr;
> +    StdVideoAV1TimingInfo *timing_info = &vk_units->timing_info;
> +    StdVideoAV1ColorConfig *color_config = &vk_units->color_config;
> +
> +    StdVideoEncodeAV1OperatingPointInfo *operating_points = vk_units->operating_points;
> +
> +    *timing_info = (StdVideoAV1TimingInfo) {
> +        .flags = (StdVideoAV1TimingInfoFlags) {
> +            .equal_picture_interval = seq->timing_info.equal_picture_interval,
> +        },
> +        .num_units_in_display_tick = seq->timing_info.num_units_in_display_tick,
> +        .time_scale = seq->timing_info.time_scale,
> +        .num_ticks_per_picture_minus_1 = seq->timing_info.num_ticks_per_picture_minus_1,
> +    };
> +
> +    *color_config = (StdVideoAV1ColorConfig) {
> +        .flags = (StdVideoAV1ColorConfigFlags) {
> +            .mono_chrome = seq->color_config.mono_chrome,
> +            .color_range = seq->color_config.color_range,
> +            .separate_uv_delta_q = seq->color_config.separate_uv_delta_q,
> +        },
> +        .BitDepth = seq->color_config.twelve_bit    ? 12 :
> +                    seq->color_config.high_bitdepth ? 10 : 8,
> +        .subsampling_x = seq->color_config.subsampling_x,
> +        .subsampling_y = seq->color_config.subsampling_y,
> +        .color_primaries = seq->color_config.color_primaries,
> +        .transfer_characteristics = seq->color_config.transfer_characteristics,
> +        .matrix_coefficients = seq->color_config.matrix_coefficients,
> +    };
> +
> +    *seq_hdr = (StdVideoAV1SequenceHeader) {
> +        .flags = (StdVideoAV1SequenceHeaderFlags) {
> +            .still_picture = seq->still_picture,
> +            .reduced_still_picture_header = seq->reduced_still_picture_header,
> +            .use_128x128_superblock = seq->use_128x128_superblock,
> +            .enable_filter_intra = seq->enable_filter_intra,
> +            .enable_intra_edge_filter = seq->enable_intra_edge_filter,
> +            .enable_interintra_compound = seq->enable_interintra_compound,
> +            .enable_masked_compound = seq->enable_masked_compound,
> +            .enable_warped_motion = seq->enable_warped_motion,
> +            .enable_dual_filter = seq->enable_dual_filter,
> +            .enable_order_hint = seq->enable_order_hint,
> +            .enable_jnt_comp = seq->enable_jnt_comp,
> +            .enable_ref_frame_mvs = seq->enable_ref_frame_mvs,
> +            .frame_id_numbers_present_flag = seq->frame_id_numbers_present_flag,
> +            .enable_superres = seq->enable_superres,
> +            .enable_cdef = seq->enable_cdef,
> +            .enable_restoration = seq->enable_restoration,
> +            .film_grain_params_present = seq->film_grain_params_present,
> +            .timing_info_present_flag = seq->timing_info_present_flag,
> +            .initial_display_delay_present_flag = seq->initial_display_delay_present_flag,
> +        },
> +        .seq_profile = seq->seq_profile,
> +        .frame_width_bits_minus_1 = seq->frame_width_bits_minus_1,
> +        .frame_height_bits_minus_1 = seq->frame_height_bits_minus_1,
> +        .max_frame_width_minus_1 = seq->max_frame_width_minus_1,
> +        .max_frame_height_minus_1 = seq->max_frame_height_minus_1,
> +        .delta_frame_id_length_minus_2 = seq->delta_frame_id_length_minus_2,
> +        .additional_frame_id_length_minus_1 = seq->additional_frame_id_length_minus_1,
> +        .order_hint_bits_minus_1 = seq->order_hint_bits_minus_1,
> +        .seq_force_integer_mv = seq->seq_force_integer_mv,
> +        .seq_force_screen_content_tools = seq->seq_force_screen_content_tools,
> +        .pTimingInfo = timing_info,
> +        .pColorConfig = color_config,
> +    };
> +
> +    for (int i = 0; i <= seq->operating_points_cnt_minus_1; i++) {
> +        operating_points[i] = (StdVideoEncodeAV1OperatingPointInfo) {
> +            .flags = (StdVideoEncodeAV1OperatingPointInfoFlags) {
> +                .decoder_model_present_for_this_op = seq->decoder_model_present_for_this_op[i],
> +                .low_delay_mode_flag = seq->low_delay_mode_flag[i],
> +                .initial_display_delay_present_for_this_op = seq->initial_display_delay_present_for_this_op[i],
> +                /* Reserved */
> +            },
> +            .operating_point_idc = seq->operating_point_idc[i],
> +            .seq_level_idx = seq->seq_level_idx[i],
> +            .seq_tier = seq->seq_tier[i],
> +            .decoder_buffer_delay = seq->decoder_buffer_delay[i],
> +            .encoder_buffer_delay = seq->encoder_buffer_delay[i],
> +            .initial_display_delay_minus_1 = seq->initial_display_delay_minus_1[i],
> +        };
> +    }
> +    vk_units->nb_operating_points = seq->operating_points_cnt_minus_1 + 1;
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int create_session_params(AVCodecContext *avctx)
> +{
> +    int err;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    FFVulkanEncodeContext *ctx = &enc->common;
> +    FFVulkanContext *s = &ctx->s;
> +    FFVulkanFunctions *vk = &ctx->s.vkfn;
> +
> +    VulkanAV1Units vk_units = { 0 };
> +
> +    VkVideoEncodeAV1SessionParametersCreateInfoKHR av1_params;
> +
> +    /* Convert it to Vulkan */
> +    err = base_unit_to_vk(avctx, &vk_units);
> +    if (err < 0) {
> +        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unable to convert sequence header to Vulkan: %s\n",
> +               av_err2str(err));
> +        return err;
> +    }
> +
> +    /* Destroy the session params */
> +    if (ctx->session_params)
> +        vk->DestroyVideoSessionParametersKHR(s->hwctx->act_dev,
> +                                             ctx->session_params,
> +                                             s->hwctx->alloc);
> +
> +    av1_params = (VkVideoEncodeAV1SessionParametersCreateInfoKHR) {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_SESSION_PARAMETERS_CREATE_INFO_KHR,
> +        .pStdSequenceHeader = &vk_units.seq_hdr,
> +        .pStdDecoderModelInfo = &vk_units.decoder_model,
> +        .pStdOperatingPoints = vk_units.operating_points,
> +        .stdOperatingPointCount = vk_units.nb_operating_points,
> +    };
> +
> +    return ff_vulkan_encode_create_session_params(avctx, ctx, &av1_params);
> +}
> +
> +static int parse_feedback_units(AVCodecContext *avctx,
> +                                const uint8_t *data, size_t size)
> +{
> +    int err;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    AV1RawOBU *seq_obu = &enc->seq_hdr_obu;
> +    AV1RawSequenceHeader *seq = &seq_obu->obu.sequence_header;
> +
> +    CodedBitstreamContext *cbs;
> +    CodedBitstreamFragment obu = { 0 };
> +
> +    err = ff_cbs_init(&cbs, AV_CODEC_ID_AV1, avctx);
> +    if (err < 0)
> +        return err;
> +
> +    err = ff_cbs_read(cbs, &obu, data, size);
> +    if (err < 0) {
> +        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unable to parse feedback units, bad drivers: %s\n",
> +               av_err2str(err));
> +        return err;
> +    }
> +
> +    /* If PPS has an override, just copy it entirely. */
> +    for (int i = 0; i < obu.nb_units; i++) {
> +        if (obu.units[i].type == AV1_OBU_SEQUENCE_HEADER) {
> +            AV1RawOBU *f_seq_obu = obu.units[i].content;
> +            AV1RawSequenceHeader *f_seq = &f_seq_obu->obu.sequence_header;
> +            seq->frame_width_bits_minus_1 = f_seq->frame_width_bits_minus_1;
> +            seq->frame_height_bits_minus_1 = f_seq->frame_height_bits_minus_1;
> +            seq->max_frame_width_minus_1 = f_seq->max_frame_width_minus_1;
> +            seq->max_frame_height_minus_1 = f_seq->max_frame_height_minus_1;
> +            seq->seq_choose_screen_content_tools = f_seq->seq_choose_screen_content_tools;
> +            seq->seq_force_screen_content_tools = f_seq->seq_force_screen_content_tools;
> +            seq->seq_choose_integer_mv = f_seq->seq_choose_integer_mv;
> +            seq->seq_force_integer_mv = f_seq->seq_force_integer_mv;
> +        }
> +    }
> +
> +    ff_cbs_fragment_free(&obu);
> +    ff_cbs_close(&cbs);
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int init_base_units(AVCodecContext *avctx)
> +{
> +    int err;
> +    VkResult ret;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    FFVulkanEncodeContext *ctx = &enc->common;
> +    FFVulkanContext *s = &ctx->s;
> +    FFVulkanFunctions *vk = &ctx->s.vkfn;
> +
> +    VkVideoEncodeSessionParametersGetInfoKHR params_info;
> +    VkVideoEncodeSessionParametersFeedbackInfoKHR params_feedback;
> +
> +    void *data = NULL;
> +    size_t data_size = 0;
> +
> +    /* Generate SPS/PPS unit info */
> +    err = init_sequence_headers(avctx);
> +    if (err < 0) {
> +        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unable to initialize sequence header: %s\n",
> +               av_err2str(err));
> +        return err;
> +    }
> +
> +    /* Create session parameters from them */
> +    err = create_session_params(avctx);
> +    if (err < 0)
> +        return err;
> +
> +    params_info = (VkVideoEncodeSessionParametersGetInfoKHR) {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_SESSION_PARAMETERS_GET_INFO_KHR,
> +        .videoSessionParameters = ctx->session_params,
> +    };
> +    params_feedback = (VkVideoEncodeSessionParametersFeedbackInfoKHR) {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_SESSION_PARAMETERS_FEEDBACK_INFO_KHR,
> +    };
> +
> +    ret = vk->GetEncodedVideoSessionParametersKHR(s->hwctx->act_dev, &params_info,
> +                                                  &params_feedback,
> +                                                  &data_size, data);
> +    if (ret == VK_INCOMPLETE ||
> +        (ret == VK_SUCCESS) && (data_size > 0)) {
> +        data = av_mallocz(data_size);
> +        if (!data)
> +            return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
> +    } else {
> +        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unable to get feedback for AV1 sequence header = %lu\n",
> +               data_size);
> +        return err;
> +    }
> +
> +    ret = vk->GetEncodedVideoSessionParametersKHR(s->hwctx->act_dev, &params_info,
> +                                                  &params_feedback,
> +                                                  &data_size, data);
> +    if (ret != VK_SUCCESS) {
> +        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error writing feedback units\n");
> +        return err;
> +    }
> +
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Feedback units written, overrides: %i\n",
> +           params_feedback.hasOverrides);
> +
> +    params_feedback.hasOverrides = 1;
> +
> +    /* No need to sync any overrides */
> +    if (!params_feedback.hasOverrides)
> +        return 0;
> +
> +    /* Parse back tne units and override */
> +    err = parse_feedback_units(avctx, data, data_size);
> +    if (err < 0)
> +        return err;
> +
> +    /* Create final session parameters */
> +    err = create_session_params(avctx);
> +    if (err < 0)
> +        return err;
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int vulkan_encode_av1_add_obu(AVCodecContext *avctx,
> +                                     CodedBitstreamFragment *au,
> +                                     uint8_t type, void *obu_unit)
> +{
> +    int err;
> +
> +    err = ff_cbs_insert_unit_content(au, -1,
> +                                     type, obu_unit, NULL);
> +    if (err < 0) {
> +        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to add OBU unit: "
> +               "type = %d.\n", type);
> +        return err;
> +    }
> +
> +    return err;
> +}
> +
> +static int vulkan_encode_av1_write_obu(AVCodecContext *avctx,
> +                                       uint8_t *data, size_t *data_len,
> +                                       CodedBitstreamFragment *obu)
> +{
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    int ret;
> +
> +    ret = ff_cbs_write_fragment_data(enc->cbs, obu);
> +    if (ret < 0) {
> +        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to write packed header.\n");
> +        return ret;
> +    }
> +
> +    memcpy(data, obu->data, obu->data_size);
> +    *data_len = obu->data_size;
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int write_sequence_header(AVCodecContext *avctx,
> +                                 FFHWBaseEncodePicture *base_pic,
> +                                 uint8_t *data, size_t *data_len)
> +{
> +    int err;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    CodedBitstreamFragment *obu = &enc->current_access_unit;
> +
> +    err = vulkan_encode_av1_add_obu(avctx, obu,
> +                                    AV1_OBU_SEQUENCE_HEADER, &enc->seq_hdr_obu);
> +    if (err < 0)
> +        goto fail;
> +
> +    err = vulkan_encode_av1_write_obu(avctx, data, data_len, obu);
> +
> +fail:
> +    ff_cbs_fragment_reset(obu);
> +    return err;
> +}
> +
> +static int write_extra_headers(AVCodecContext *avctx,
> +                               FFHWBaseEncodePicture *base_pic,
> +                               uint8_t *data, size_t *data_len)
> +{
> +    int err;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Picture  *ap = base_pic->codec_priv;
> +    CodedBitstreamFragment *obu = &enc->current_access_unit;
> +
> +    if (ap->units_needed & AV_FRAME_DATA_MASTERING_DISPLAY_METADATA) {
> +        err = vulkan_encode_av1_add_obu(avctx, obu,
> +                                        AV1_OBU_METADATA,
> +                                        &enc->meta_mastering_obu);
> +        if (err < 0)
> +            goto fail;
> +    }
> +
> +    if (ap->units_needed & UNIT_CONTENT_LIGHT_LEVEL) {
> +        err = vulkan_encode_av1_add_obu(avctx, obu,
> +                                        AV1_OBU_METADATA,
> +                                        &enc->meta_cll_obu);
> +        if (err < 0)
> +            goto fail;
> +    }
> +
> +    if (ap->units_needed) {
> +        err = vulkan_encode_av1_write_obu(avctx, data, data_len, obu);
> +        if (err < 0)
> +            goto fail;
> +    } else {
> +        *data_len = 0;
> +    }
> +
> +fail:
> +    ff_cbs_fragment_reset(obu);
> +    return err;
> +}
> +
> +static int write_padding(AVCodecContext *avctx, uint32_t padding,
> +                         uint8_t *data, size_t *data_len)
> +{
> +    int err;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    CodedBitstreamFragment *obu = &enc->current_access_unit;
> +
> +    AV1RawOBU padding_obu = { 0 };
> +    AV1RawPadding *raw_padding = &padding_obu.obu.padding;
> +
> +    if (!padding)
> +        padding = 16;
> +
> +    /* 2 byte header + 1 byte trailing bits */
> +    padding_obu.header.obu_type = AV1_OBU_PADDING;
> +    *raw_padding = (AV1RawPadding) {
> +        .payload = enc->padding_payload,
> +        .payload_size = padding,
> +    };
> +
> +    err = vulkan_encode_av1_add_obu(avctx, obu, AV1_OBU_PADDING, &padding_obu);
> +    if (err < 0)
> +        goto fail;
> +
> +    err = vulkan_encode_av1_write_obu(avctx, data, data_len, obu);
> +fail:
> +    ff_cbs_fragment_reset(obu);
> +    return err;
> +}
> +
> +static const FFVulkanCodec enc_cb = {
> +    .flags = FF_HW_FLAG_B_PICTURES |
> +             FF_HW_FLAG_B_PICTURE_REFERENCES |
> +             VK_ENC_FLAG_NO_DELAY |
> +             FF_HW_FLAG_SLICE_CONTROL,
> +    .picture_priv_data_size = sizeof(VulkanEncodeAV1Picture),
> +    .filler_header_size = 4,
> +    .init_profile = init_profile,
> +    .init_pic_rc = init_pic_rc,
> +    .init_pic_params = init_pic_params,
> +    .write_sequence_headers = write_sequence_header,
> +    .write_extra_headers = write_extra_headers,
> +    .write_filler = write_padding,
> +};
> +
> +static av_cold int vulkan_encode_av1_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
> +{
> +    int err;
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    FFVulkanEncodeContext *ctx = &enc->common;
> +    FFVulkanContext *s = &ctx->s;
> +    FFHWBaseEncodeContext *base_ctx = &ctx->base;
> +    int flags;
> +
> +    if (avctx->profile == AV_PROFILE_UNKNOWN)
> +        avctx->profile = enc->common.opts.profile;
> +
> +    enc->caps = (VkVideoEncodeAV1CapabilitiesKHR) {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_CAPABILITIES_KHR,
> +    };
> +
> +    enc->quality_props = (VkVideoEncodeAV1QualityLevelPropertiesKHR) {
> +        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_QUALITY_LEVEL_PROPERTIES_KHR,
> +    };
> +
> +    err = ff_vulkan_encode_init(avctx, &enc->common,
> +                                &ff_vk_enc_av1_desc, &enc_cb,
> +                                &enc->caps, &enc->quality_props);
> +    if (err < 0)
> +        return err;
> +
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "AV1 encoder capabilities:\n");
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "    Standard capability flags:\n");
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        per_rate_control_group_min_max_q_index: %i\n",
> +           !!(enc->caps.flags & VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_CAPABILITY_PER_RATE_CONTROL_GROUP_MIN_MAX_Q_INDEX_BIT_KHR));
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        generate_obu_extension_header: %i\n",
> +           !!(enc->caps.flags & VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_CAPABILITY_GENERATE_OBU_EXTENSION_HEADER_BIT_KHR));
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        primary_reference_cdf_only: %i\n",
> +           !!(enc->caps.flags & VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_CAPABILITY_PRIMARY_REFERENCE_CDF_ONLY_BIT_KHR));
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        frame_size_override: %i\n",
> +           !!(enc->caps.flags & VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_CAPABILITY_FRAME_SIZE_OVERRIDE_BIT_KHR));
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        motion_vector_scaling: %i\n",
> +           !!(enc->caps.flags & VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_CAPABILITY_MOTION_VECTOR_SCALING_BIT_KHR));
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "    Capabilities:\n");
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        64x64 superblocks: %i\n",
> +           !!(enc->caps.superblockSizes & VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_SUPERBLOCK_SIZE_64_BIT_KHR));
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        128x128 superblocks: %i\n",
> +           !!(enc->caps.superblockSizes & VK_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_SUPERBLOCK_SIZE_128_BIT_KHR));
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        maxSingleReferenceCount: %i\n",
> +           enc->caps.maxSingleReferenceCount);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        singleReferenceNameMask: 0x%x\n",
> +           enc->caps.singleReferenceNameMask);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        maxUnidirectionalCompoundReferenceCount: %i\n",
> +           enc->caps.maxUnidirectionalCompoundReferenceCount);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        maxUnidirectionalCompoundGroup1ReferenceCount: %i\n",
> +           enc->caps.maxUnidirectionalCompoundGroup1ReferenceCount);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        unidirectionalCompoundReferenceNameMask: 0x%x\n",
> +           enc->caps.unidirectionalCompoundReferenceNameMask);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        maxBidirectionalCompoundReferenceCount: %i\n",
> +           enc->caps.maxBidirectionalCompoundReferenceCount);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        maxBidirectionalCompoundGroup1ReferenceCount: %i\n",
> +           enc->caps.maxBidirectionalCompoundGroup1ReferenceCount);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        maxBidirectionalCompoundGroup2ReferenceCount: %i\n",
> +           enc->caps.maxBidirectionalCompoundGroup2ReferenceCount);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        bidirectionalCompoundReferenceNameMask: 0x%x\n",
> +           enc->caps.bidirectionalCompoundReferenceNameMask);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        maxTemporalLayerCount: %i\n",
> +           enc->caps.maxTemporalLayerCount);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        maxSpatialLayerCount: %i\n",
> +           enc->caps.maxSpatialLayerCount);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        maxOperatingPoints: %i\n",
> +           enc->caps.maxOperatingPoints);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        min/max Qindex: [%i, %i]\n",
> +           enc->caps.minQIndex, enc->caps.maxQIndex);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        prefersGopRemainingFrames: %i\n",
> +           enc->caps.prefersGopRemainingFrames);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        requiresGopRemainingFrames: %i\n",
> +           enc->caps.requiresGopRemainingFrames);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        maxLevel: %i\n",
> +           enc->caps.maxLevel);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        codedPictureAlignment: %ix%i\n",
> +           enc->caps.codedPictureAlignment.width, enc->caps.codedPictureAlignment.height);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        maxTiles: %ix%i\n",
> +           enc->caps.maxTiles.width, enc->caps.maxTiles.height);
> +    av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "        Tile size: %ix%i to %ix%i\n",
> +           enc->caps.minTileSize.width, enc->caps.minTileSize.height,
> +           enc->caps.maxTileSize.width, enc->caps.maxTileSize.height);
> +
> +    err = init_enc_options(avctx);
> +    if (err < 0)
> +        return err;
> +
> +    flags = ctx->codec->flags;
> +    err = ff_hw_base_init_gop_structure(base_ctx, avctx,
> +                                        ctx->caps.maxDpbSlots,
> +                                        enc->caps.maxBidirectionalCompoundReferenceCount,
> +                                        flags, 0);
> +    if (err < 0)
> +        return err;
> +
> +    base_ctx->output_delay = base_ctx->b_per_p;
> +    base_ctx->decode_delay = base_ctx->max_b_depth;
> +
> +    /* Create units and session parameters */
> +    err = init_base_units(avctx);
> +    if (err < 0)
> +        return err;
> +
> +    /* Init CBS */
> +    err = ff_cbs_init(&enc->cbs, AV_CODEC_ID_AV1, avctx);
> +    if (err < 0)
> +        return err;
> +
> +    if (avctx->flags & AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER) {
> +        uint8_t data[4096];
> +        size_t data_len = sizeof(data);
> +
> +        err = write_sequence_header(avctx, NULL, data, &data_len);
> +        if (err < 0) {
> +            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to write sequence header "
> +                   "for extradata: %d.\n", err);
> +            return err;
> +        } else {
> +            avctx->extradata_size = data_len;
> +            avctx->extradata = av_mallocz(avctx->extradata_size +
> +                                          AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE);
> +            if (!avctx->extradata) {
> +                err = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
> +                return err;
> +            }
> +            memcpy(avctx->extradata, data, avctx->extradata_size);
> +        }
> +    }
> +
> +    enc->padding_payload = av_mallocz(2*ctx->caps.minBitstreamBufferOffsetAlignment);
> +    if (!enc->padding_payload)
> +        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
> +
> +    memset(enc->padding_payload, 0xaa, 2*ctx->caps.minBitstreamBufferOffsetAlignment);
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static av_cold int vulkan_encode_av1_close(AVCodecContext *avctx)
> +{
> +    VulkanEncodeAV1Context *enc = avctx->priv_data;
> +    av_free(enc->padding_payload);
> +    ff_vulkan_encode_uninit(&enc->common);
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +#define OFFSET(x) offsetof(VulkanEncodeAV1Context, x)
> +#define FLAGS (AV_OPT_FLAG_VIDEO_PARAM | AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM)
> +static const AVOption vulkan_encode_av1_options[] = {
> +    HW_BASE_ENCODE_COMMON_OPTIONS,
> +    VULKAN_ENCODE_COMMON_OPTIONS,
> +
> +    { "profile", "Set profile",
> +      OFFSET(common.opts.profile), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
> +      { .i64 = AV_PROFILE_UNKNOWN }, AV_PROFILE_UNKNOWN, 0xffff, FLAGS, .unit = "profile" },
> +
> +#define PROFILE(name, value)  name, NULL, 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, \
> +      { .i64 = value }, 0, 0, FLAGS, .unit = "profile"
> +    { PROFILE("main",                 AV_PROFILE_AV1_MAIN) },
> +    { PROFILE("high",                 AV_PROFILE_AV1_HIGH) },
> +    { PROFILE("professional",         AV_PROFILE_AV1_PROFESSIONAL) },
> +#undef PROFILE
> +
> +    { "tier", "Set tier (seq_tier)",
> +      OFFSET(common.opts.tier), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = 0 }, 0, 1, FLAGS, .unit = "tier" },
> +        { "main", NULL, 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { .i64 = 0 }, 0, 0, FLAGS, .unit = "tier" },
> +        { "high", NULL, 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { .i64 = 1 }, 0, 0, FLAGS, .unit = "tier" },
> +
> +    { "level", "Set level (level_idc)",
> +      OFFSET(common.opts.level), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT,
> +      { .i64 = AV_LEVEL_UNKNOWN }, AV_LEVEL_UNKNOWN, 0xff, FLAGS, .unit = "level" },
> +
> +#define LEVEL(name, value) name, NULL, 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, \
> +      { .i64 = value }, 0, 0, FLAGS, .unit = "level"
> +    { LEVEL("20", 0) },
> +    { LEVEL("21", 1) },
> +    { LEVEL("22", 2) },
> +    { LEVEL("23", 3) },
> +    { LEVEL("30", 4) },
> +    { LEVEL("31", 5) },
> +    { LEVEL("32", 6) },
> +    { LEVEL("33", 7) },
> +    { LEVEL("40", 8) },
> +    { LEVEL("41", 9) },
> +    { LEVEL("42", 10) },
> +    { LEVEL("43", 11) },
> +    { LEVEL("50", 12) },
> +    { LEVEL("51", 13) },
> +    { LEVEL("52", 14) },
> +    { LEVEL("53", 15) },
> +    { LEVEL("60", 16) },
> +    { LEVEL("61", 17) },
> +    { LEVEL("62", 18) },
> +    { LEVEL("63", 19) },
> +    { LEVEL("70", 20) },
> +    { LEVEL("71", 21) },
> +    { LEVEL("72", 22) },
> +    { LEVEL("73", 23) },
> +#undef LEVEL
> +
> +    { "units", "Set units to include", OFFSET(unit_elems), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS, { .i64 = UNIT_MASTERING_DISPLAY | UNIT_CONTENT_LIGHT_LEVEL }, 0, INT_MAX, FLAGS, "units" },
> +        { "hdr",        "Include HDR metadata for mastering display colour volume and content light level information", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { .i64 = UNIT_MASTERING_DISPLAY | UNIT_CONTENT_LIGHT_LEVEL }, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, FLAGS, "units" },
> +
> +    { NULL },
> +};
> +
> +static const FFCodecDefault vulkan_encode_av1_defaults[] = {
> +    { "b",              "0"   },
> +    { "bf",             "2"   },
> +    { "g",              "300" },
> +    { "qmin",           "1"   },
> +    { "qmax",           "255" },
> +    { NULL },
> +};
> +
> +static const AVClass vulkan_encode_av1_class = {
> +    .class_name = "av1_vulkan",
> +    .item_name  = av_default_item_name,
> +    .option     = vulkan_encode_av1_options,
> +    .version    = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
> +};
> +
> +const FFCodec ff_av1_vulkan_encoder = {
> +    .p.name         = "av1_vulkan",
> +    CODEC_LONG_NAME("AV1 (Vulkan)"),
> +    .p.type         = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
> +    .p.id           = AV_CODEC_ID_AV1,
> +    .priv_data_size = sizeof(VulkanEncodeAV1Context),
> +    .init           = &vulkan_encode_av1_init,
> +    FF_CODEC_RECEIVE_PACKET_CB(&ff_vulkan_encode_receive_packet),
> +    .close          = &vulkan_encode_av1_close,
> +    .p.priv_class   = &vulkan_encode_av1_class,
> +    .p.capabilities = AV_CODEC_CAP_DELAY |
> +                      AV_CODEC_CAP_HARDWARE |
> +                      AV_CODEC_CAP_DR1 |
> +                      AV_CODEC_CAP_ENCODER_FLUSH |
> +                      AV_CODEC_CAP_ENCODER_REORDERED_OPAQUE,
> +    .caps_internal  = FF_CODEC_CAP_INIT_CLEANUP,
> +    .defaults       = vulkan_encode_av1_defaults,
> +    .p.pix_fmts = (const enum AVPixelFormat[]) {
> +        AV_PIX_FMT_VULKAN,
> +        AV_PIX_FMT_NONE,
> +    },
> +    .hw_configs     = ff_vulkan_encode_hw_configs,
> +    .p.wrapper_name = "vulkan",
> +};
> diff --git a/libavcodec/vulkan_video.c b/libavcodec/vulkan_video.c
> index 1d44406aa1..7b0f2f4202 100644
> --- a/libavcodec/vulkan_video.c
> +++ b/libavcodec/vulkan_video.c
> @@ -207,6 +207,37 @@ int ff_vk_h265_level_to_av(StdVideoH265LevelIdc level)
>      }
>  }
>  
> +int ff_vk_av1_level_to_av(StdVideoAV1Level level)
> +{
> +    switch (level) {
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_2_0: return 20;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_2_1: return 21;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_2_2: return 22;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_2_3: return 23;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_3_0: return 30;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_3_1: return 31;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_3_2: return 32;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_3_3: return 33;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_4_0: return 40;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_4_1: return 41;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_4_2: return 42;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_4_3: return 43;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_5_0: return 50;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_5_1: return 51;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_5_2: return 52;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_5_3: return 53;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_6_0: return 60;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_6_1: return 61;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_6_2: return 62;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_6_3: return 63;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_7_0: return 70;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_7_1: return 71;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_7_2: return 72;
> +    default:
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_7_3: return 73;
> +    }
> +}
> +
>  StdVideoH265LevelIdc ff_vk_h265_level_to_vk(int level_idc)
>  {
>      switch (level_idc) {
> @@ -226,6 +257,37 @@ StdVideoH265LevelIdc ff_vk_h265_level_to_vk(int level_idc)
>      }
>  }
>  
> +StdVideoAV1Level ff_vk_av1_level_to_vk(int level)
> +{
> +    switch (level) {
> +    case 20: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_2_0;
> +    case 21: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_2_1;
> +    case 22: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_2_2;
> +    case 23: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_2_3;
> +    case 30: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_3_0;
> +    case 31: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_3_1;
> +    case 32: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_3_2;
> +    case 33: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_3_3;
> +    case 40: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_4_0;
> +    case 41: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_4_1;
> +    case 42: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_4_2;
> +    case 43: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_4_3;
> +    case 50: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_5_0;
> +    case 51: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_5_1;
> +    case 52: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_5_2;
> +    case 53: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_5_3;
> +    case 60: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_6_0;
> +    case 61: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_6_1;
> +    case 62: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_6_2;
> +    case 63: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_6_3;
> +    case 70: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_7_0;
> +    case 71: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_7_1;
> +    case 72: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_7_2;
> +    default:
> +    case 73: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_LEVEL_7_3;
> +    }
> +}
> +
>  StdVideoH264ProfileIdc ff_vk_h264_profile_to_vk(int profile)
>  {
>      switch (profile) {
> @@ -247,6 +309,47 @@ StdVideoH265ProfileIdc ff_vk_h265_profile_to_vk(int profile)
>      }
>  }
>  
> +StdVideoAV1Profile ff_vk_av1_profile_to_vk(int profile)
> +{
> +    switch (profile) {
> +    case AV_PROFILE_AV1_MAIN: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_PROFILE_MAIN;
> +    case AV_PROFILE_AV1_HIGH: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_PROFILE_HIGH;
> +    case AV_PROFILE_AV1_PROFESSIONAL: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_PROFILE_PROFESSIONAL;
> +    default: return STD_VIDEO_AV1_PROFILE_INVALID;
> +    }
> +}
> +
> +int ff_vk_h264_profile_to_av(StdVideoH264ProfileIdc profile)
> +{
> +    switch (profile) {
> +    case STD_VIDEO_H264_PROFILE_IDC_BASELINE: return AV_PROFILE_H264_CONSTRAINED_BASELINE;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_H264_PROFILE_IDC_MAIN: return AV_PROFILE_H264_MAIN;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_H264_PROFILE_IDC_HIGH: return AV_PROFILE_H264_HIGH;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_H264_PROFILE_IDC_HIGH_444_PREDICTIVE: return AV_PROFILE_H264_HIGH_444_PREDICTIVE;
> +    default: return AV_PROFILE_UNKNOWN;
> +    }
> +}
> +
> +int ff_vk_h265_profile_to_av(StdVideoH264ProfileIdc profile)
> +{
> +    switch (profile) {
> +    case STD_VIDEO_H265_PROFILE_IDC_MAIN: return AV_PROFILE_HEVC_MAIN;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_H265_PROFILE_IDC_MAIN_10: return AV_PROFILE_HEVC_MAIN_10;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_H265_PROFILE_IDC_FORMAT_RANGE_EXTENSIONS: return AV_PROFILE_HEVC_REXT;
> +    default: return AV_PROFILE_UNKNOWN;
> +    }
> +}
> +
> +int ff_vk_av1_profile_to_av(StdVideoH264ProfileIdc profile)
> +{
> +    switch (profile) {
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_PROFILE_MAIN: return AV_PROFILE_AV1_MAIN;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_PROFILE_HIGH: return AV_PROFILE_AV1_HIGH;
> +    case STD_VIDEO_AV1_PROFILE_PROFESSIONAL: return AV_PROFILE_AV1_PROFESSIONAL;
> +    default: return AV_PROFILE_UNKNOWN;
> +    }
> +}
> +
>  int ff_vk_create_view(FFVulkanContext *s, FFVkVideoCommon *common,
>                        VkImageView *view, VkImageAspectFlags *aspect,
>                        AVVkFrame *src, VkFormat vkf, int is_dpb)
> diff --git a/libavcodec/vulkan_video.h b/libavcodec/vulkan_video.h
> index 0348c3b804..4b67b17247 100644
> --- a/libavcodec/vulkan_video.h
> +++ b/libavcodec/vulkan_video.h
> @@ -68,9 +68,11 @@ VkVideoComponentBitDepthFlagBitsKHR ff_vk_depth_from_av_depth(int depth);
>   */
>  int ff_vk_h264_level_to_av(StdVideoH264LevelIdc level);
>  int ff_vk_h265_level_to_av(StdVideoH265LevelIdc level);
> +int ff_vk_av1_level_to_av(StdVideoAV1Level level);
>  
>  StdVideoH264LevelIdc ff_vk_h264_level_to_vk(int level_idc);
>  StdVideoH265LevelIdc ff_vk_h265_level_to_vk(int level_idc);
> +StdVideoAV1Level ff_vk_av1_level_to_vk(int level);
>  
>  /**
>   * Convert profile from/to AV to Vulkan
> @@ -78,6 +80,11 @@ StdVideoH265LevelIdc ff_vk_h265_level_to_vk(int level_idc);
>  StdVideoH264ProfileIdc ff_vk_h264_profile_to_vk(int profile);
>  StdVideoH265ProfileIdc ff_vk_h265_profile_to_vk(int profile);
>  
> +StdVideoAV1Profile ff_vk_av1_profile_to_vk(int profile);
> +int ff_vk_h264_profile_to_av(StdVideoH264ProfileIdc profile);
> +int ff_vk_h265_profile_to_av(StdVideoH264ProfileIdc profile);
> +int ff_vk_av1_profile_to_av(StdVideoH264ProfileIdc profile);

Can you please stop adding functions that are unused?

> +
>  /**
>   * Creates image views for video frames.
>   */
> diff --git a/libavutil/hwcontext_vulkan.c b/libavutil/hwcontext_vulkan.c
> index 8823af0175..df132f942f 100644
> --- a/libavutil/hwcontext_vulkan.c
> +++ b/libavutil/hwcontext_vulkan.c
> @@ -647,6 +647,7 @@ static const VulkanOptExtension optional_device_exts[] = {
>      { VK_KHR_VIDEO_DECODE_H264_EXTENSION_NAME,                FF_VK_EXT_VIDEO_DECODE_H264      },
>      { VK_KHR_VIDEO_ENCODE_H265_EXTENSION_NAME,                FF_VK_EXT_VIDEO_ENCODE_H265      },
>      { VK_KHR_VIDEO_DECODE_H265_EXTENSION_NAME,                FF_VK_EXT_VIDEO_DECODE_H265      },
> +    { VK_KHR_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_EXTENSION_NAME,                 FF_VK_EXT_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1       },
>      { VK_KHR_VIDEO_DECODE_AV1_EXTENSION_NAME,                 FF_VK_EXT_VIDEO_DECODE_AV1       },
>  };
>  
> @@ -1530,6 +1531,7 @@ static int setup_queue_families(AVHWDeviceContext *ctx, VkDeviceCreateInfo *cd)
>      PICK_QF(VK_QUEUE_VIDEO_ENCODE_BIT_KHR, VK_VIDEO_CODEC_OPERATION_ENCODE_H265_BIT_KHR);
>      PICK_QF(VK_QUEUE_VIDEO_DECODE_BIT_KHR, VK_VIDEO_CODEC_OPERATION_DECODE_H265_BIT_KHR);
>  
> +    PICK_QF(VK_QUEUE_VIDEO_ENCODE_BIT_KHR, VK_VIDEO_CODEC_OPERATION_ENCODE_AV1_BIT_KHR);
>      PICK_QF(VK_QUEUE_VIDEO_DECODE_BIT_KHR, VK_VIDEO_CODEC_OPERATION_DECODE_AV1_BIT_KHR);
>  
>      av_free(qf);
> diff --git a/libavutil/vulkan_functions.h b/libavutil/vulkan_functions.h
> index cd61d71577..6b826f8ba9 100644
> --- a/libavutil/vulkan_functions.h
> +++ b/libavutil/vulkan_functions.h
> @@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ typedef uint64_t FFVulkanExtensions;
>  #define FF_VK_EXT_VIDEO_ENCODE_QUEUE     (1ULL << 50) /* VK_KHR_video_encode_queue */
>  #define FF_VK_EXT_VIDEO_ENCODE_H264      (1ULL << 51) /* VK_KHR_video_encode_h264 */
>  #define FF_VK_EXT_VIDEO_ENCODE_H265      (1ULL << 52) /* VK_KHR_video_encode_h265 */
> +#define FF_VK_EXT_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1       (1ULL << 53) /* VK_KHR_video_encode_av1 */
>  f
>  #define FF_VK_EXT_PORTABILITY_SUBSET     (1ULL << 62)
>  #define FF_VK_EXT_NO_FLAG                (1ULL << 63)
> diff --git a/libavutil/vulkan_loader.h b/libavutil/vulkan_loader.h
> index 3641fcb22e..fe0e0655bb 100644
> --- a/libavutil/vulkan_loader.h
> +++ b/libavutil/vulkan_loader.h
> @@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ static inline uint64_t ff_vk_extensions_to_mask(const char * const *extensions,
>          { VK_KHR_VIDEO_DECODE_AV1_EXTENSION_NAME,          FF_VK_EXT_VIDEO_DECODE_AV1       },
>          { VK_KHR_PUSH_DESCRIPTOR_EXTENSION_NAME,           FF_VK_EXT_PUSH_DESCRIPTOR        },
>          { VK_KHR_SHADER_EXPECT_ASSUME_EXTENSION_NAME,      FF_VK_EXT_EXPECT_ASSUME          },
> +        { VK_KHR_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1_EXTENSION_NAME,          FF_VK_EXT_VIDEO_ENCODE_AV1       },
>      };
>  
>      FFVulkanExtensions mask = 0x0;



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