[FFmpeg-devel] [PATCH 3/4] avcodec/ttmlenc: add initial support for regions and styles

Andreas Rheinhardt andreas.rheinhardt at outlook.com
Tue Mar 30 12:53:28 EEST 2021


Jan Ekström:
> From: Jan Ekström <jan.ekstrom at 24i.com>
> 
> Attempts to utilize the TTML cell resolution as a mapping to the
> reference resolution, and maps font size to cell size. Additionally
> sets the display and text alignment according to the ASS alignment
> number.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Jan Ekström <jan.ekstrom at 24i.com>
> ---
>  libavcodec/ttmlenc.c       | 257 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
>  libavcodec/ttmlenc.h       |   3 +-
>  tests/ref/fate/sub-ttmlenc |  86 +++++++------
>  3 files changed, 294 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/libavcodec/ttmlenc.c b/libavcodec/ttmlenc.c
> index e3c155fdd1..7e6add62e1 100644
> --- a/libavcodec/ttmlenc.c
> +++ b/libavcodec/ttmlenc.c
> @@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ static int ttml_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, uint8_t *buf,
>  {
>      TTMLContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
>      ASSDialog *dialog;
> +    AVBPrint local_bprint = { 0 };
>      int i;
>  
>      av_bprint_clear(&s->buffer);
> @@ -100,20 +101,41 @@ static int ttml_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, uint8_t *buf,
>              dialog = ff_ass_split_dialog(s->ass_ctx, ass, 0, &num);
>  
>              for (; dialog && num--; dialog++) {
> -                int ret = ff_ass_split_override_codes(&ttml_callbacks, s,
> -                                                      dialog->text);
> -                int log_level = (ret != AVERROR_INVALIDDATA ||
> -                                 avctx->err_recognition & AV_EF_EXPLODE) ?
> -                                AV_LOG_ERROR : AV_LOG_WARNING;
> +                if (dialog->style) {
> +                    av_bprint_init(&local_bprint, 0, AV_BPRINT_SIZE_UNLIMITED);
> +
> +                    av_bprint_escape(&local_bprint, dialog->style, NULL,
> +                                     AV_ESCAPE_MODE_XML,
> +                                     AV_ESCAPE_FLAG_XML_DOUBLE_QUOTES);
> +                    if (!av_bprint_is_complete(&local_bprint)) {
> +                         return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
> +                    }
>  
> -                if (ret < 0) {
> -                    av_log(avctx, log_level,
> -                           "Splitting received ASS dialog failed: %s\n",
> -                           av_err2str(ret));
> +                    av_bprintf(&s->buffer, "<span region=\"%s\">",
> +                               local_bprint.str);
>  
> -                    if (log_level == AV_LOG_ERROR)
> -                        return ret;
> +                    av_bprint_finalize(&local_bprint, NULL);
>                  }
> +
> +                {
> +                    int ret = ff_ass_split_override_codes(&ttml_callbacks, s,
> +                                                          dialog->text);
> +                    int log_level = (ret != AVERROR_INVALIDDATA ||
> +                                     avctx->err_recognition & AV_EF_EXPLODE) ?
> +                                    AV_LOG_ERROR : AV_LOG_WARNING;
> +
> +                    if (ret < 0) {
> +                        av_log(avctx, log_level,
> +                               "Splitting received ASS dialog failed: %s\n",
> +                               av_err2str(ret));
> +
> +                        if (log_level == AV_LOG_ERROR)
> +                            return ret;
> +                    }
> +                }
> +
> +                if (dialog->style)
> +                    av_bprintf(&s->buffer, "</span>");
>              }
>          } else {
>  #endif
> @@ -121,6 +143,22 @@ static int ttml_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, uint8_t *buf,
>              if (!dialog)
>                  return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
>  
> +            if (dialog->style) {
> +                av_bprint_init(&local_bprint, 0, AV_BPRINT_SIZE_UNLIMITED);
> +
> +                av_bprint_escape(&local_bprint, dialog->style, NULL,
> +                                 AV_ESCAPE_MODE_XML,
> +                                 AV_ESCAPE_FLAG_XML_DOUBLE_QUOTES);
> +                if (!av_bprint_is_complete(&local_bprint)) {
> +                     return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
> +                }
> +
> +                av_bprintf(&s->buffer, "<span region=\"%s\">",
> +                           local_bprint.str);
> +
> +                av_bprint_finalize(&local_bprint, NULL);
> +            }
> +
>              {
>                  int ret = ff_ass_split_override_codes(&ttml_callbacks, s,
>                                                        dialog->text);
> @@ -140,6 +178,9 @@ static int ttml_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, uint8_t *buf,
>                      }
>                  }
>  
> +                if (dialog->style)
> +                    av_bprintf(&s->buffer, "</span>");
> +
>                  ff_ass_free_dialog(&dialog);
>              }
>  #if FF_API_ASS_TIMING
> @@ -173,17 +214,205 @@ static av_cold int ttml_encode_close(AVCodecContext *avctx)
>      return 0;
>  }
>  
> +static const char *ttml_get_display_alignment(int alignment)
> +{
> +    switch (alignment) {
> +    case 1:
> +    case 2:
> +    case 3:
> +        return "after";
> +    case 4:
> +    case 5:
> +    case 6:
> +        return "center";
> +    case 7:
> +    case 8:
> +    case 9:
> +        return "before";
> +    default:
> +        return NULL;
> +    }
> +}
> +
> +static const char *ttml_get_text_alignment(int alignment)
> +{
> +    switch (alignment) {
> +    case 1:
> +    case 4:
> +    case 7:
> +        return "left";
> +    case 2:
> +    case 5:
> +    case 8:
> +        return "center";
> +    case 3:
> +    case 6:
> +    case 9:
> +        return "right";
> +    default:
> +        return NULL;
> +    }
> +}
> +
> +// if we set cell resolution to our script reference resolution,
> +// then a single line is a single "point" on our canvas. Thus, by setting our
> +// font size to font size in cells, we should gain a similar enough scale
> +// without resorting to explicit pixel based font sizing, which is frowned
> +// upon in the TTML community.
> +static const char ttml_region_base[] =
> +"      <region xml:id=\"%s\"\n"
> +"        tts:displayAlign=\"%s\"\n"
> +"        tts:textAlign=\"%s\"\n"
> +"        tts:fontSize=\"%dc\"\n";
> +
> +static const char ttml_region_font_family[] =
> +"        tts:fontFamily=\"%s\"\n";
> +
> +static const char ttml_region_footer[] =
> +"        tts:overflow=\"visible\" />\n";
> +
> +static int ttml_write_region(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVBPrint *buf,
> +                             ASSStyle *style)
> +{
> +    if (!style)
> +        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
> +
> +    if (!style->name) {
> +        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Subtitle style name not set!\n");
> +        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
> +    }
> +
> +    if (style->font_size < 0) {
> +        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Invalid font size for TTML: %d!\n",
> +               style->font_size);
> +        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
> +    }
> +
> +    {

This adds one unnecessary level of indentation. Are you worried about
the case of style == NULL?

> +        const char *display_alignment =
> +            ttml_get_display_alignment(style->alignment);
> +        const char *text_alignment =
> +            ttml_get_text_alignment(style->alignment);
> +        char *style_name = NULL;
> +        char *font_name = NULL;
> +        AVBPrint local_bprint = { 0 };

An AVBPrint is initialized using av_bprint_init and not by zeroing it.
Your use of this local_bprint is actually completely unnecessary: You
can just use e.g.

    av_bprintf(buf, "        tts:fontFamily=\");
    av_bprint_escape(buf, style->font_name, NULL, AV_ESCAPE_MODE_XML,
                     AV_ESCAPE_FLAG_XML_DOUBLE_QUOTES);
    av_bprintf(buf, "\"\n");

Your usage is suboptimal even if one wanted to keep
ttml_region_font_family and ttml_region_base, because you are not using
the big advantage of AVBPrints: That one can avoid allocations if the
strings are small and their lifetime short. This would work as follows:

    av_bprint_init(&local_bprint);
    av_bprint_escape(&local_bprint, style->name, NULL,
                     AV_ESCAPE_MODE_XML,
                     AV_ESCAPE_FLAG_XML_DOUBLE_QUOTES);
    if (!av_bprint_is_complete(&local_bprint)) {
        ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        goto fail;
    }
    av_bprintf(buf, ttml_region_base, local_bprint.str,
               display_alignment, text_alignment, style->font_size);

    if (style->font_name) {
        av_bprint_clear(&local_bprint);
        av_bprint_escape(&local_bprint, style->font_name, NULL,
                         AV_ESCAPE_MODE_XML,
                         AV_ESCAPE_FLAG_XML_DOUBLE_QUOTES);
        if (!av_bprint_is_complete(&local_bprint)) {
            ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            goto fail;
        }
        av_bprintf(buf, ttml_region_font_family, local_bprint.str);
    }
    av_bprintf(buf, ttml_region_footer);
    ret = 0;
fail:
    av_bprint_finalize(&local_bprint, NULL);
    return ret;

> +        int ret = AVERROR_BUG;
> +
> +        if (!display_alignment || !text_alignment) {
> +            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
> +                   "Failed to convert ASS style alignment %d of style %s to "
> +                   "TTML display and text alignment!\n",
> +                   style->alignment,
> +                   style->name);
> +            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
> +        }
> +
> +        av_bprint_init(&local_bprint, 0, AV_BPRINT_SIZE_UNLIMITED);
> +        av_bprint_escape(&local_bprint, style->name, NULL,
> +                         AV_ESCAPE_MODE_XML, AV_ESCAPE_FLAG_XML_DOUBLE_QUOTES);
> +        if (!av_bprint_is_complete(&local_bprint)) {

Potential memleak here.

> +             return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
> +        }
> +
> +        if ((ret = av_bprint_finalize(&local_bprint, &style_name)) < 0)
> +            return ret;
> +
> +        av_bprintf(buf, ttml_region_base, style_name,
> +                   display_alignment, text_alignment, style->font_size);
> +
> +        if (style->font_name) {
> +            av_bprint_init(&local_bprint, 0, AV_BPRINT_SIZE_UNLIMITED);
> +            av_bprint_escape(&local_bprint, style->font_name, NULL,
> +                             AV_ESCAPE_MODE_XML, AV_ESCAPE_FLAG_XML_DOUBLE_QUOTES);
> +            if (!av_bprint_is_complete(&local_bprint)) {
> +                ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
> +                goto fail;

Potential leak here.

> +            }
> +
> +            if ((ret = av_bprint_finalize(&local_bprint, &font_name)) < 0)
> +                goto fail;
> +
> +            av_bprintf(buf, ttml_region_font_family, font_name);
> +        }
> +
> +
> +        av_bprintf(buf, ttml_region_footer);
> +
> +        ret = 0;
> +
> +fail:
> +        av_freep(&style_name);
> +        av_freep(&font_name);
> +        return ret;
> +    }
> +}
> +
>  static int ttml_write_header_content(AVCodecContext *avctx)
>  {
> -    if (!(avctx->extradata = av_mallocz(TTMLENC_EXTRADATA_SIGNATURE_SIZE +
> -                                        1 + AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE))) {
> +    TTMLContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
> +    ASS *ass = (ASS *)s->ass_ctx;
> +    ASSScriptInfo script_info = ass->script_info;
> +    const size_t base_extradata_size = TTMLENC_EXTRADATA_SIGNATURE_SIZE + 1 +
> +                                       AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE;
> +    size_t additional_extradata_size = 0;
> +    ASSStyle *style = ff_ass_style_get(s->ass_ctx, "Default");

Seems unused.

> +
> +    if (!script_info.play_res_x || script_info.play_res_x < 0 ||
> +        !script_info.play_res_y || script_info.play_res_y < 0) {
> +        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR,
> +               "Invalid subtitle reference resolution %dx%d!\n",
> +               script_info.play_res_x, script_info.play_res_y);
> +        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
> +    }
> +
> +    // write the first string in extradata, attributes in the base "tt" element.
> +    av_bprintf(&s->buffer, ttml_default_namespacing);
> +    // the cell resolution is in character cells, so not exactly 1:1 against
> +    // a pixel based resolution, but as the tts:extent in the root
> +    // "tt" element is frowned upon (and disallowed in the EBU-TT profile),
> +    // we mimic the reference resolution by setting it as the cell resolution.
> +    av_bprintf(&s->buffer, "  ttp:cellResolution=\"%d %d\"\n",
> +               script_info.play_res_x, script_info.play_res_y);
> +    av_bprint_chars(&s->buffer, '\0', 1);
> +
> +    // write the second string in extradata, head element containing the styles
> +    av_bprintf(&s->buffer, "  <head>\n");
> +    av_bprintf(&s->buffer, "    <layout>\n");
> +
> +    for (int i = 0; i < ass->styles_count; i++) {
> +        int ret = AVERROR_BUG;
> +        style = &ass->styles[i];
> +
> +        if ((ret = ttml_write_region(avctx, &s->buffer, style)) < 0)
> +            return ret;
> +    }
> +
> +    av_bprintf(&s->buffer, "    </layout>\n");
> +    av_bprintf(&s->buffer, "  </head>\n");
> +
> +    if (!av_bprint_is_complete(&s->buffer)) {
>          return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
>      }
>  
> -    avctx->extradata_size = TTMLENC_EXTRADATA_SIGNATURE_SIZE;
> +    additional_extradata_size = s->buffer.len;
> +
> +    // and now, write the contents of the AVB
> +    if (!(avctx->extradata =
> +            av_mallocz(base_extradata_size + additional_extradata_size))) {
> +        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
> +    }
> +
> +    avctx->extradata_size =
> +        TTMLENC_EXTRADATA_SIGNATURE_SIZE + additional_extradata_size;
>      memcpy(avctx->extradata, TTMLENC_EXTRADATA_SIGNATURE,
>             TTMLENC_EXTRADATA_SIGNATURE_SIZE);
>  
> +    if (additional_extradata_size)
> +        memcpy(avctx->extradata + TTMLENC_EXTRADATA_SIGNATURE_SIZE,
> +               s->buffer.str, additional_extradata_size);
> +
> +    av_bprint_clear(&s->buffer);
> +
>      return 0;
>  }
>  


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